Fluoride in Water

Fluoride is a mineral found in rocks and soil. When water passes over rock formations, it dissolves fluoride compounds that are present, releasing fluoride ions. Therefore, amounts of fluoride are naturally present in all water sources .Fluoride's effects depend on the total daily intake of fluoride from all sources. About 70–90% of ingested fluoride is absorbed into the blood, where it distributes throughout the body. In infants, 80–90% of absorbed fluoride is retained, with the rest excreted, mostly via urine; in adults, about 60% is retained. About 99% of retained fluoride is stored in bone, teeth, and other calcium-rich areas, where excess quantities can cause fluorosis. Drinking water is typically the largest source of fluoride. Water fluoridation effectively reduces cavities in both children and adults.

It is needless to emphasize the importance of water in our life. Without water, there is  no life on our planet.  We need water for different purposes. We need water for drinking, for industries, for irrigation, for swimming and fishing, etc. Water for different purposes has its own requirements as to composition and purity. Each body of water needs to be analysed on a regular basis to confirm to suitability. The types of analysis could vary from simple field testing for a single analyte to laboratory based multi-component instrumental analysis. The measurement of water quality is a very exacting and time-consuming process, and a large number of quantitative analytical methods are used for this Purpose.

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